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Similar non-chemical control measures can help to prevent infection by leaf spot fungi, downy mildew and grey mould,which are all 'wet weather' diseases (see the 'biology' section, below): Downy mildewrequires cool wet weather for infection and spread. The 'fungal' growth seen on the underside of the leaves produces large numbers of asexual spores.Downy mildews are host-specific, so for example thedowny mildew affecting a Veronica will not infect a rose or vice versa. Further information on the management of downy mildews, powdery mildews and grey mould can be found in the advice profiles on the links below:
The majority of the growth of most powdery mildews is found on the plant surface. The fungus sends feeding structures into the surface cells, greatly reducing the vigour of the plant. Because of this surface growth, powdery mildews are even more influenced by the environment than other plant diseases. Choosing the right plant for the right place, along with some simple measures to adjust the environment can go a long way to minimising powdery mildew issues in gardens. Asexual spores (conidia) of the g rey mouldfungus are always present in the air. They require leaf wetness or very high humidity to germinate and infect. Damaged or senescent plant parts are a very common way in which the fungus gains entry to the plant. The disease has a huge host range, and is active over a wide temperature range.
Frequently asked questions
Do not over-fertilise (especially not too much nitrogen) as succulent growth is particularly susceptible Chooseless susceptible cultivars if downy mildew becomes a persistent problem. It is mainly a problem withbroad-leaved cultivarssuch as Veronica‘Midsummer Beauty’ and x ‘Franciscana Variegata’ but also occasionally present in some of the smaller-leavedspecies and cultivars,e.g . V. albicans, V. ‘Frozen Flame’ , V. rakiensis, V . ‘Youngii’ (syn. ‘Carl Teschner’) . The RHS believes that avoiding pests, diseases and weeds by good practice in cultivation methods, cultivarselection, garden hygiene and encouraging or introducing natural enemies, should be the first line of control. If chemical controls are used, they should be used only in a minimal and highly targeted manner. Non-chemical control The fungicide tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (Provanto Fungus Fighter Plus, Toprose Fungus Control & Protect) has a recommendation for the control of leaf spots on ornamental plants. Additionally, the fungicides tebuconazole (Provanto Fungus Fighter Concentrate) and triticonazole (Fungus Clear Ultra) are labelled for the control of other diseases on ornamental plants, and could therefore be used legally on Veronica(at the owner’s risk) to try and control the leaf spotting. Ornamentals:The fungicides sulphur (Fungus Clear Ultra 2, Mildew Clear for Edibles), tebuconazole (Provanto Fungus Fighter Concentrate), tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (Provanto Fungus Fighter Plus, Toprose Fungus Control & Protect), and triticonazole (Fungus Clear Ultra) are approved for the control of powdery mildewson ornamental plants.
Apply no more than four times per year on roses and ornamentals and no more than six times per year on box trees. How to Use Because most of the growth of powdery mildews is found on the plant surface they are easily targeted with fungicides.Destroying fallen infected leaves in autumn will reduce the amount of infectious spores next spring. Promptly pruning out infected shoots will reduce subsequent infection. Prompt removal of infected leaves early in the season may delay the build-up of the disease slightly, although weather conditions havethe greatest influence over the speed of spread. Dispose of plants at the end of the season. Under certain environmental conditions some Stemphylium speciesare thought to be able to produce a sexual stage, and spores liberated from the fruiting bodies of the fungus in this scenario could account for the overwintering survival of the fungus and its long distance dissemination. PLEASE NOTE: Turf, Wildflower Turf, Sedum Mats and bulk Bag products are delivered on a pallet and can only be delivered to the kerbside. The fungicides tebuconazole (Provanto Fungus Fighter Concentrate), tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (Provanto Fungus Fighter Plus, ToproseFungus Control and Protect), and triticonazole (Fungus Clear Ultra) are labelled for the control of a number of other diseases on ornamental plants, and may give some control of olive scab on olive trees grown as ornamental plants only, although this is not claimed by the manufacturers.
The fungus originates from western North America on related species, but proved highly infectious to the European Antirrhinum majus when accidentally introduced to the UK and mainland Europe in the last century. It releases dark brown spores from the pustules on the lower leaf surface and these are spread by the wind to initiate new infections on leaves. Powdery mildew fungi produce microscopic air-borne dispersal spores from the fungal growth on the plant surface. These have an unusually high water content, enabling them to infect under drier conditions than most other fungal pathogens. There are no fungicides available to amateur gardeners with activity against downy mildewor grey mould. Provide good drainage, but water regularly during dry periods (plants suffering from regular but intermittent drought-stress are more susceptible). Application of mulch may help water retentionMost powdery mildew fungi have a host range restricted to a relatively few, related plants, but these can include wild relatives which can be sources of infection, e.g. wild crab apples may be sources of infection for apple orchards.
Theproducts above also have recommendations for control of powdery mildew, as do products containing sulphur(Fungus Clear Ultra 2, Mildew Clear for Edibles, Roseclear 3-in-1 action (with fatty acids)). Spray the whole plant evenly until just before run-off (before drips start to form at the tips of leaves). For more information on how The Pallet Network delivers our different types of products, please watch this short video. What Issues Could Arise With Delivery? These products will also give incidental control of powdery mildew, another foliar disease that can affect antirrhinums.
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Then rinse sprayer thoroughly after use and dispose of washings safely by pouring onto bare soil. Once the bottle is empty, RINSE CONTAINER THOROUGHLY before disposal by manually rinsing three times. This can be done by filling the dosing chamber with clean water, replacing the cap and tipping the water into the bottle. Repeat steps 1 – 4 above to add washings to sprayer at time of filling and dispose of empty container safely.
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