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Intergovernmental organizations [ edit ] The Francophonie flag flying at the Parliament of Canada in Ottawa Administrative (diplomatic), cultural, some educational, working language in medicine, science, and law [16] [17] France is the largest country in Western Europe, covering an area of 643,801 square kilometers. The country is known for its diverse landscape, which includes mountains, coastlines, forests, and rolling hills. The French Alps, located in the southeast of the country, is a popular destination for skiing and other outdoor activities. Official Name The French education system is highly centralized, with a focus on academic excellence and rigorous testing. Education is mandatory from ages six to sixteen, and students are required to attend school for 180 days a year. The French Southern Territories are also known as the French Southern and Antarctic Lands. The five stars on the French Southern Territories Flag symbolize the five districts of the TAAF.
The French Republic is divided into 18 regions (located in Europe and overseas), five overseas collectivities, one overseas territory, one special collectivity – New Caledonia and one uninhabited island directly under the authority of the Minister of Overseas France – Clipperton. Under the doctrine of Dirigisme, the government historically played a major role in the economy; policies such as indicative planning and nationalisation are credited for contributing to three decades of unprecedented postwar economic growth known as Trente Glorieuses. At its peak in 1982, the public sector accounted for one-fifth of industrial employment and over four-fifths of the credit market. Beginning in the late 20th century, France loosened regulations and state involvement in the economy, with most leading companies now being privately owned; state ownership now dominates only transportation, defence and broadcasting. [188] Policies aimed at promoting economic dynamism and privatisation have improved France's economic standing globally: it is among the world's 10 most innovative countries in the 2020 Bloomberg Innovation Index, [189] and the 15th most competitive, according to the 2019 Global Competitiveness Report (up two places from 2018). [190] France generally has a positive reputation regarding LGBT rights. [136] Since 1999, civil unions for homosexual couples have been permitted, and since 2013, same-sex marriage and LGBT adoption are legal. [137] Laws prohibiting discriminatory speech in the press are as old as 1881. Some consider hate speech laws in France to be too broad or severe, undermining freedom of speech. [138]
Facing financial troubles, Louis XVI summoned the Estates-General (gathering the three Estates of the realm) in May 1789 to propose solutions to his government. As it came to an impasse, the representatives of the Third Estate formed a National Assembly, signalling the outbreak of the French Revolution. Fearing that the king would suppress the newly created National Assembly, insurgents stormed the Bastille on 14 July 1789, a date which would become France's National Day.
In 2008, the INSEE (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies) estimated that the total number of foreign-born immigrants was around 5million (8% of the population), while their French-born descendants numbered 6.5million, or 11% of the population. Thus, nearly a fifth of the country's population were either first or second-generation immigrants, of which more than 5million were of European origin and 4million of Maghrebi ancestry. [269] [270] [271] In 2008, France granted citizenship to 137,000 per The Arabian Desert (2.3 million km²) covers most of the Arabian Peninsula, situated between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.The Eiffel Tower is a globally recognized landmark and symbol of France, located in the heart of Paris. It was built in 1889 for the World's Fair and was initially meant to be a temporary structure. Main article: History of France §Revolutionary France (1789–1799) The Storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789 was the most emblematic event of the French Revolution. The World's largest countries by area includes the Russian Federation, Canada, the United States of America, China, Brazil, Australia, India, Argentina, Kazakhstan, Algeria while the smallest countries include the Vatican City, Monaco, Andorra, and Singapore. Types of World Map
The Denali in Alaska is with 6,190 m (20,300 ft) the highest mountain of the United States and North America.Next in size are the various Deserts of Australia, which cover nearly 1.4 million km², about 18% of Australia's mainland territory. Apart from the polar regions, Australia is the driest continent in the world. About 35 percent of the continent receives so little rain that it is basically a desert. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Learn about the arts and culture of France including information on the country’s museums, monuments, and much more. French foreign policy after World War II has been largely shaped by membership in the European Union, of which it was a founding member. Since the 1960s, France has developed close ties with reunified Germany to become the most influential driving force of the EU. [153] In the 1960s, France sought to exclude the British from the European unification process, [154] seeking to build its standing in continental Europe. However, since 1904, France has maintained an " Entente cordiale" with the United Kingdom, and there has been a strengthening of links between the countries, especially militarily. Our world is always spinning at a speed of one thousand miles per hour. We are orbiting the sun at 20 miles per second. We, and our entire galaxy, are speeding through space at over a million miles per hour. Our world's surface is also moving and changing. How has the Earth's surface changed over time? Look at some of these incredible facts.
A World Map is a map of all of the surface of the Earth. The World Map is a graphical representation of the Real world. The World Map presents a lot of information about the world in a simplified and visual way. It indicates the land and the seas of earth. The world map shows continents and the countries, which are part and parcel of continents, transcontinental countries, independent and dependent territories, oceans and seas, large and Small islands and everything that exists in the world. The world map also indicates the network of lines, which represent meridians and parallels, the geographic coordinate system. France is a country of diverse landscapes and regions, each with its own unique characteristics. From the glamorous French Riviera to the picturesque countryside of Provence, each region offers a distinct experience and a glimpse into the country’s rich heritage. French is an official language in 28 independent nations. The following is a list of sovereign states and territories where French is an official or de facto language.
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Due to its numerous overseas departments and territories scattered across the planet, France possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the world, covering 11,035,000km 2 (4,261,000sqmi), just behind the EEZ of the United States, which covers 11,351,000km 2 (4,383,000sqmi), but ahead of the EEZ of Australia, which covers 8,148,250km 2 (3,146,000sqmi). Its EEZ covers approximately 8% of the total surface of all the EEZs of the world. French is an official language, mostly in conjunction with English, of 36 international organisations. These include: Louis XVI (r. 1774–1793) actively supported the Americans with money, fleets and armies, helping them win independence from Great Britain. France gained revenge but spent so heavily that the government verged on bankruptcy—a factor that contributed to the French Revolution. Some of the Enlightenment occurred in French intellectual circles, and major scientific breakthroughs and inventions, such as the naming of oxygen (1778) and the first hot air balloon carrying passengers (1783), were achieved by French scientists. French explorers, such as Bougainville and Lapérouse, took part in the voyages of scientific exploration through maritime expeditions around the globe. The Enlightenment philosophy, in which reason is advocated as the primary source of legitimacy, undermined the power of and support for the monarchy and also was a factor in the French Revolution. Metropolitan France was settled during the Iron Age by Celtic tribes known as Gauls before Rome annexed the area in 51 BC, leading to a distinct Gallo-Roman culture. In the Early Middle Ages, the Germanic Franks formed the Kingdom of Francia, which became the heartland of the Carolingian Empire. The Treaty of Verdun of 843 partitioned the empire, with West Francia becoming the Kingdom of France in 987. In the High Middle Ages, France was a powerful but decentralized feudal kingdom, but from the mid-14th to the mid-15th centuries, France was plunged into a dynastic conflict with England known as the Hundred Years' War. In the 16th century, the French Renaissance saw culture flourish and a French colonial empire rise. [15] Internally, France was dominated by the conflict with the House of Habsburg and the French Wars of Religion between Catholics and Huguenots. France was successful in the Thirty Years' War and further increased its influence during the reign of Louis XIV. [16]
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