Jezus z Nazaretu

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Benedykt XVI w Castel Gandolfo: Zaczynam ostatni etap mojej ziemskiej pielgrzymki, Polskatimes.pl, 28 lutego 2013 [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2014-02-21] . CNA. "Pectoral cross of Benedict XVI stolen from Bavarian church". Catholic News Agency . Retrieved 21 June 2023. In late 2019, Benedict collaborated on a book expressing that the Catholic Church must maintain its discipline of clerical celibacy, in light of ongoing debate on the issue, though later requested his name to be removed from the book as co-author. [269] [270] [271]

On 24 April, Benedict celebrated the Papal Inauguration Mass in St. Peter's Square, during which he was invested with the Pallium and the Ring of the Fisherman. [77] On 7 May, he took possession of his cathedral church, the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran. [78] Choice of name Benedict asked for forgiveness in February for any “grievous faults” in his handling of clergy sex abuse cases, but denied any personal or specific wrongdoing after an independent report from a German law firm criticized his actions in four cases while he was archbishop of Munich. On the morning of 28 February 2013, Benedict met with the full College of Cardinals and in the early afternoon flew by helicopter to the papal summer residence of Castel Gandolfo. He stayed there until refurbishment was completed on his retirement home, the Mater Ecclesiae Monastery in the Vatican Gardens near St. Peter's, former home of twelve nuns, where he moved on 2 May 2013. [242] [243] Pope emeritus Benedict XVI with Pope Francis (left) in the Vatican Gardens, July 2013a b Allen, Charlotte (17 February 2013). "Pope Benedict XVI, the pontiff of aesthetics". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 17 February 2013.

Benedict re-introduced several papal garments which had fallen into disuse. He resumed the use of the traditional red papal shoes, which had been used since Roman times by popes but which had fallen into disuse during the pontificate of John Paul II. Contrary to the initial speculation of the press that the shoes had been made by the Italian fashion house Prada, the Vatican announced that the shoes were provided by the Pope's personal shoemaker. [223] On 24 March 1977, Ratzinger was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising, and was ordained a bishop on 28 May. He took as his episcopal motto Cooperatores veritatis ( Latin for 'cooperators of the truth'), [56] from the Third Epistle of John, [57] a choice on which he commented in his autobiographical work Milestones. [58] On 11 February 2013, the Vatican confirmed that Benedict would resign the papacy on 28 February 2013, as a result of his advanced age, [230] becoming the first pope to resign since GregoryXII in 1415. [231] At the age of 85 years and 318 days on the effective date of his retirement, he was the fourth-oldest person to hold the office of pope. The move was unexpected, [232] as all popes in modern times had held office until death. Benedict was the first pope to resign without external pressure since CelestineV in 1294. [233] [234] Some Catholics have called for Benedict's recognition as a Doctor of the Church, [292] [359] with Cardinal Gerhard Müller describing him as a "true doctor of the Church for today." [360] See also In 1969, Ratzinger returned to Bavaria, to the University of Regensburg and co-founded the theological journal Communio, with Hans Urs von Balthasar, Henri de Lubac, Walter Kasper, and others, in 1972. Communio, now published in seventeen languages, including German, English, and Spanish, has become a prominent journal of contemporary Catholic theological thought. Until he was elected pope, he remained one of the journal's most prolific contributors. In 1976, he suggested that the Augsburg Confession might be recognised as a Catholic statement of faith. [50] [51] Several of Benedict's former students became his confidantes, notably Christoph Schönborn, and a number of his former students sometimes meet for discussions. [52] [53] He served as vice-president of the University of Regensburg from 1976 to 1977. [54] On 26 May 1976, he was appointed a Prelate of Honour of His Holiness. [55] Archbishop of Munich and Freising: 1977–1982 Palais Holnstein in Munich, the residence of Benedict as Archbishop of Munich and FreisingBenedict XVI; Habermas, Jürgen (2006). Dialectics of Secularization: On Reason and Religion. Ignatius Press. ISBN 978-1-58617-166-7.

Near the end of June 2007, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued a document approved by Benedict XVI "because some contemporary theological interpretations of Vatican II's ecumenical intent had been 'erroneous or ambiguous' and had prompted confusion and doubt." The document has been seen as restating "key sections of a 2000 text the pope wrote when he was prefect of the congregation, Dominus Iesus." [135] Consumerism In February 2022, Benedict admitted that errors were made in the treating of sexual abuse cases when he was Archbishop of Munich. According to the letter released by the Vatican, he asked forgiveness for any "grievous fault" but denied personal wrongdoing. Benedict stated: "I have had great responsibilities in the Catholic Church. All the greater is my pain for the abuses and the errors that occurred in those different places during the time of my mandate." [213] Public prosecutor's office in Munich had begun investigations as a result of the 2022 report against both Benedict and Cardinal Friedrich Wetter. The investigation was "discontinued" in March 2023 after it "did not reveal sufficient suspicion of criminal activity". The case of the investigation "was not acts of abuse committed by the Church personnel managers themselves, but possible acts of aiding and abetting by active action or omission". [214] Legion of Christ founder Marcial Maciel All the great works of art, the cathedrals — the Gothic cathedrals and the splendid Baroque churches — are a luminous sign of God, and thus are truly a manifestation, an epiphany of God,” he said in 2008. Pope Francis, left, and Pope Benedict XVI at the Vatican in June 2017. L'Osservatore Romano / AP file Ide P.: Chrystus daje wszystko. Teologia miłości Benedykta XVI.W. Szymona OP (przekład).Kraków:Wydawnictwo Esprit,2011,s.221. ISBN 978-83-61989-42-4. On 19 September 2010, during his visit to the United Kingdom, Benedict personally proclaimed the beatification of John Henry Newman. [86]Ratzinger's 1953 dissertation was on Augustine of Hippo and was titled The People and the House of God in Augustine's Doctrine of the Church. His habilitation (which qualified him for a professorship) was on Bonaventure. It was completed in 1957 and he became a professor at Freising College in 1958. [38] Encounter with Romano Guardini