47 Skin Hydrating Face Serum for Clearing Acne and Scars, Anti-Blemish & Scar Repair Serum Skincare Treatment with Silver Chitoderm Smooth Skin Moisturiser Serum for All Skin Types - 30ml

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Accelerated wound healing with wound closure, good antibacterial activity, and good biocompatibility In addition anti-bacterial agents will also reduce the effectiveness of the actual ingredient in Sebopure that works to purify the sebum. Introducing the new Treatment Serum for the worst kind of skin blemishes. For anyone who suffers from inflammation, redness, or rosacea this is the product you’ve been waiting for.

Chitosan’s structural characteristics are similar to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are components of the extracellular matrix (ECM); therefore, this feature recommends chitosan use in skin tissue engineering [ 143]. The immobilization of bioactive molecules on the chitosan matrix, such as cell-adhesive peptides, will stimulate the cell response and cell adhesion process. In this regard, Karakeçili et al. have covalently immobilized mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) on chitosan membranes. The mouse EGF is responsible for fibroblast proliferation. The results indicated that EGF has enhanced the proliferation of L929 mouse fibroblast cells [ 144]. Sponges are foam-like, solid structures that can absorb large amounts of liquid due to their high porosity. Besides possessing antimicrobial properties, chitosan sponges are widely used as wound dressings, being able to absorb wound exudates and also enhancing tissue regeneration [ 165]. The silver nanoparticle-loaded hydrogels demonstrated a water vapor transmission rate of 2104 g·m −2·24 h −1 and 1391.3 g·m −2·24 h −1 for the plain hydrogels indicating the suitability of nanoparticle-loaded hydrogels as a potent wound dressing for wound management. The in vitro release mechanism of nanoparticles from the chitosan-based hydrogels was slow and sustained at 37 °C. The antimicrobial activity evaluations demonstrated that chitosan-based hydrogels loaded with silver nanoparticle have good antimicrobial efficacy compared to the plain hydrogels and nanoparticles. The nanoparticle-loaded hydrogels exhibited higher zone inhibition of 21.5 ± 0.5, 15.5 ± 0.8, 21.8 ± 1.5, and 20.2 ± 1.0 mm against S. aureus, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The wound healing experiment exhibited that the loading of silver nanoparticles in chitosan-based hydrogels significantly improved the wound healing in diabetes-induced rabbits. The loaded hydrogels showed 47.7% wound contraction after 4 days compared to 12.6% in the negative control [ 62]. Hiranpattanakul et al. developed a chitin/chitosan hydrocolloid (CCH) wound dressing, and properties like their water absorption, enzymatic degradation, and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were evaluated, as well as their biocompatibility with the L929 cell line. The CCH showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus and showed no cytotoxicity against the L929 fibroblasts [ 231]. Yanagibayashi et al. developed another functionalized wound dressing to stimulate wound healing in diabetic mice. The hydrocolloid composed of alginate, chitin/chitosan, and fucoidan (ACF-HS) had important properties like adherence, ease of application and removal, providing a moist environment, and absorbing exudate. Moreover, the histological examinations of the wounds showed advanced tissue and capillary formations, starting on the 4th day of treatment [ 238]. Displayed increased flexibility and sustained antimicrobial properties. Effective for the management of infected wounds.electrostatic interactions occur between cationic chitosan and anionic molecules at the microbial cell surface, which may lead to cell wall disruption and intracellular components leakage; Oral use of colloidal silver can also lead to other serious side effects, including seizures and organ damage. Wounds are injuries on the skin [ 1]. They are classified as acute and chronic wounds. An acute wound is an injury to the skin that is sudden. It can heal within the time frame of 2–3 months, depending on its depth and size in the skin epidermis or dermis layers [ 2]. Chronic wounds are life-threatening because they fail to heal in a timely manner and examples of chronic wounds are burns, decubitus ulcers, infections, leg ulcers, etc. [ 1]. Wound management is expensive and there is an urgent need to design wound dressings that are affordable for the growing population. The United States of America spends about USD 20 billion annually for the management of chronic wounds, while the United Kingdom spent approximately GBP 184 million in 2012 for the management of chronic wounds [ 3, 4, 5]. Some of the currently used wound dressing materials suffer from several limitations such as poor antimicrobial effects, weak mechanical performance, and inability to provide moisture for acceleration of the wound healing process [ 1]. There is a pressing need for researchers to develop more advanced wound dressings that are cost-effective. Bagher et al. designed alginate/chitosan-based hydrogels loaded with hesperidin for wound healing in a rat model. These hydrogels displayed suitable porosity of 91.2% with interrelated pores, appropriate swelling capacity, and biodegradability confirmed by weight loss of over 80% after 2 weeks. The in vivo wound healing studies demonstrated that the formulated hydrogels had a better wound closure when compared to the gauze-treated wound, especially the hydrogels loaded with 10% of hesperidin [ 66]. Ehterami et al. reported similar findings as Baghe et al. for alginate/chitosan-based hydrogel loaded with Alpha-tocopherol for wound management in vivo [ 67]. The porosity of the hydrogel was 89.2% with interconnected pores. It was biodegradable with a weight loss of 80% in two weeks. The wound closure was accelerated when compared to the gauze-treated wound (the control). Neo-tissue and granulation tissue formation was visible in vivo when using the hydrogel on animal models [ 67].

PM: Silver & Birch Exfoliating Wash + Sebopure + Clarol ZnO Clear put on any emerging spots overnight In all-delivery was fast 24 hrs and I’ve already recommended this to others. I will definitely carry on using it. Its the best out there. Products smell amazing especially the serum-like chocolate orange.Molecular structures of biopolymers: chitosan 1, cellulose 2, hyaluronic acid 3, alginate 4, Elastin 5, dextran 6, fibrin 7, pectin 8. The Silver Chitoderm trademark was assigned an Application Number # UK00003481475 by the UK Intellectual Property Office (UKIPO). Researchers have already investigated and compared the antimicrobial effect of chitosan extracted from different sources. Tajdini et al. compared the antimicrobial effect of shrimp chitosan with fungal chitosan against twelve bacterial and fungal species. The results showed that fungal chitosan was more efficient against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Candida glabrata, and C. albicans in comparison to the shrimp chitosan, the MIC values being twice smaller for fungal chitosan. Against the other microorganisms tested, the antimicrobial effect was similar, and MIC values were the same for both types of chitosan, indicating that fungal chitosan can be an effective and suitable alternative to shrimp chitosan [ 170]. Chien et al.’s study revealed that chitosan extracted from shiitake mushrooms was more effective than shrimp chitosan against some of the pathogenic microorganisms tested [ 98]. Tayel et al. published a study that showed that chitosan extracted from Mucor rouxii DSM-1191 exhibited pronounced antifungal activity against different Candida albicans strains. Four types of fungal chitosan were tested, and the most active against the fungal strain had the highest deacetylation degree (94%) and the lowest molecular weight (32 kDa). [ 162]. Moussa et al. also demonstrated that fungal chitosan (deacetylation degree of 89.2% and a molecular weight of 2.4 × 10 4 Da) extracted from Aspergillus niger mycelia had a high antimicrobial effect against two foodborne pathogens ( Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus) [ 171]. Remove make up as soon as possible when getting in after the day’s events. Even if you are going out in the evening try to remove day make up as it will be contaminated with dirt and bacteria. Re applying clean make up for evening wear. The Clarol Silver Serum and the Silver & Birch Exfoliating Wash work by only killing off bad skin bacteria and, more essentially, preserving good skin bacteria which is what helps to build up stronger and more resilient skin. If you are using any anti-bacterial products with it, the effects of the serum will be negated.

We are not doctors but from our research in the field of acne, we feel that topical treatments for acne scarring are largely ineffective which is why we do not make one as we do not like to sell things which we feel will be mostly ineffective.Bacterial infection in wounds is the most often reason of the wound healing process interruption. Bacteria generate inflammatory markers that prevent the inflammatory phase as well as epithelialization phase of wound healing. The presence of bacteria in an infected wound leads to cell death, which causes an increase in inflammation response and persistent inflammatory phase. Necrotic tissues present in wounds disrupts the ingrowth of new tissues. In addition, necrotic tissue also serves as a ground for bacterial growth, leading to a pathologic cycle. When the bacterial burden of a chronic wound is more than 1 × 10 6 colony forming units per gram of tissue, it is considered as being clinically infected [ 32]. Commonly encountered, chronic wound bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus spp., Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Morganella spp. and Corynebacterium spp. Bacteria form protective biofilms that are not recognized by the host cells. Biofilms severely affect the wound healing process because they disrupt the immune response, prolong epithelialization, and decrease the growth of granulation tissues. Caetano et al. investigated the healing properties of a chitosan–alginate membrane on a cutaneous wound in rats and observed the following: the wound was not infected, fibroplasia was significantly increased, the fibroblasts were arranged better in the newly formed tissue, and the quality of scar tissue was improved. Moreover, on the 7th day of treatment with the chitosan–alginate membrane, the inflammatory infiltrate was significantly reduced, followed by a decrease of neutrophils and CD4+ lymphocytes that might indicate a better regulation of the inflammatory stimulus by the chitosan–alginate membrane. Likewise, the chitosan–alginate complex stimulated the migration of CD11B+ macrophages. These cells are very important as they continue the work of neutrophils, acting as growth factor reservoirs and releasing several enzymes that digest the remaining extracellular content, facilitating the transition to the second phase of the healing process [ 112]. Chitosan may also have the ability to regulate granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis, assuring the correct deposition of collagen fibers and further enhancing the correct repair of injured dermal tissue [ 129]. When referring to the wound healing properties of chitosan, the hemostatic and analgesic effect of this biopolymer should be considered. Chitosan’s unique hemostatic properties are independent of the normal clotting cascades [ 130]. In addition, chitosan can interact with neutrophils and macrophages and regulate the re-epithelialization process and fibroplasia [ 131, 132]. The composition of a hydrocolloid consists of an external layer of polyurethane and one internal layer composed of hydrophilic colloidal particles (carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, pectin). A hydrocolloid dressing will absorb wound exudate due to its internal layer of gelatin, pectin, and carboxymethylcellulose. The external polyurethane layer will seal the wound, not only enabling gas exchange and preventing external contamination of the wound, but also maintaining an acidic pH at the wound bed, facilitating autolytic debridement [ 90, 204]. In addition, they promote angiogenesis, increase the number of fibroblasts and the number of collagen fibers, and enhance the production of granulation tissue, all of each are very important steps in the healing process [ 204].