The Kings and Queens of England

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Eadred (Edred)". archontology.org. Archived from the original on 16 March 2007 . Retrieved 17 March 2007. ; "King Edred". britroyals.com. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007 . Retrieved 17 March 2007. ; "Edred (r. 946–55)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. David Williamson was the esteemed co-editor of Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. His other books include Debrett's Kings and Queens of Britain. He was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and a Fellow of the Society of Genealogists. Specifications Following the decisive Battle of Assandun on 18 October 1016, King Edmund signed a treaty with Cnut (Canute) under which all of England except for Wessex would be controlled by Cnut. [23] Upon Edmund's death just over a month later on 30 November, Cnut ruled the whole kingdom as its sole king for nineteen years. Elizabeth I (r.1558–1603)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018.

Henry VIII (r.1509–1547)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.42. David Williamson's text paints a vivid and sensitive portrait of each monarch, revealing the dramatic events and controversies that surrounded them. Enlivened with anecdotes and complemented by a rich selection of images, comprehensive fact boxes and clear family trees, National Portrait Gallery Kings & Queens will appeal to everyone with an interest in history or the British monarchy. Fryde, Edmund B., ed. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (3rded.). Royal Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-521-56350-5. England: Louis of France's Claim to the Throne of England: 1216–1217". Archontology.org . Retrieved 30 May 2012.Eadwig the Fair: Rex nutu Dei Angulsæxna et Northanhumbrorum imperator paganorum gubernator Breotonumque propugnator ("King by the will of God, Emperor of the Anglo-Saxons and Northumbrians, governor of the pagans, commander of the British") Edward I 'Longshanks' (r. 1272–1307)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.38. Arguments are made for a few different kings thought to have controlled enough Anglo-Saxon kingdoms to be deemed the first king of England. For example, Offa of Mercia and Egbert of Wessex are sometimes described as kings of England by popular writers, but it is no longer the majority view of historians that their wide dominions are part of a process leading to a unified England. Historian Simon Keynes states, for example, that "Offa was driven by a lust for power, not a vision of English unity; and what he left was a reputation, not a legacy." [2] This refers to a period in the late 8th century when Offa achieved a dominance over many of the kingdoms of southern England, but this did not survive his death in 796. [3] [4] Likewise, in 829 Egbert of Wessex conquered Mercia, but he soon lost control of it. This is an excellent book with which start learning about the British monarchy, particularly the very early Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman Kings. Lady Jane Grey: Marriage". britannia.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007 . Retrieved 25 October 2007. ; "Lady Jane Grey (r. 10–19 July 1553)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018.

Henry VII (r. 1485–1509)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. Mortimer, Ian (2007). "Henry IV's date of birth and the royal Maundy". Historical Research. 80 (210): 567–576. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2281.2006.00403.x. ISSN 0950-3471. ; "Henry IV (r.1399–1413)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.40.

Hanley, Catherine (2016). Louis: The French Prince Who Invaded England. Yale University Press. pp.1066, 1208. ISBN 978-0-300-22164-0. Edwards, Robert Dudley (1977). Ireland in the age of the Tudors: the destruction of Hiberno-Norman civilisation. Taylor & Francis. I’m trying to read a lot more straight history and kings and queens of England was a big hole in my knowledge. Oliver Cromwell – Faq 1". olivercromwell.org. Archived from the original on 18 June 2010 . Retrieved 25 October 2007. Henry II named his son, Henry the Young King (1155–1183), as co-ruler with him but this was a Norman custom of designating an heir, and the younger Henry did not outlive his father and rule in his own right, so he is not counted as a monarch on lists of kings.

Eadweard (Edward the Martyr)". archontology.org. Archived from the original on 17 March 2007 . Retrieved 17 March 2007. ; "Edward II 'The Martyr' (r. 975–978)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. James II was ousted by Parliament less than four years after ascending to the throne, beginning the century's second interregnum. To settle the question of who should replace the deposed monarch, a Convention Parliament elected James' daughter Mary II and her husband (also his nephew) William III co-regents, in the Glorious Revolution. Absolutely love this stuff! I told my wife I could recite the names of all of the Kings and Queens of England from William the Conqueror to Elizabeth II and she said "yes, but please don't!" LOLWilliam I 'The Conqueror' (r. 1066–1087)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.34. a b c "Aethelred (the Unready)". archontology.org. Archived from the original on 15 March 2007 . Retrieved 17 March 2007. While James and his descendants continued to claim the throne, all Catholics (such as James II's son and grandson, James Francis Edward and Charles respectively) were barred from the throne by the Act of Settlement 1701, enacted by Anne, another of James's Protestant daughters. King Stephen came to an agreement with Matilda in November 1153 with the signing of the Treaty of Wallingford, in which Stephen recognised Henry, son of Matilda and her second husband Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, as the designated heir. The royal house descended from Matilda and Geoffrey is widely known by two names, the House of Anjou (after Geoffrey's title as Count of Anjou) or the House of Plantagenet, after his sobriquet. Some historians prefer to group the subsequent kings into two groups, before and after the loss of the bulk of their French possessions, although they are not different royal houses.

Eadgar (Edgar the Peacemaker)". archontology.org. Archived from the original on 17 March 2007 . Retrieved 17 March 2007. ; "Edgar (r. 959–975)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. Edward V (Apr–Jun 1483)". royal.gov.uk. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.41. a b c d "Oliver Cromwell 1599–1658". british-civil-wars.co.uk. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007 . Retrieved 25 October 2007. Edward II (r. 1307–1327)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.39.

Sweyn (Forkbeard)". archontology.org. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007 . Retrieved 27 October 2007. ; Rosborn, Sven (2021). The Viking King's Golden Treasure. About the Curmsun Disc, the discovery of a lost manuscript, Harald Bluetooth's grave and the location of the fortress of Jomsborg. Rivengate AB. ISBN 978-91-986780-1-7. Edgar the Peaceful: Totius Albionis finitimorumque regum basileus ("King of all Albion and its neighbouring realms") The book begins by charting Celtic Britain before the Roman invasion to the Norman Conquest of 1066: the establishment of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, the coming of Christianity and the unification of England. The subsequent dynastic struggles of the Angevins and Plantagenets heralded the great age of English kingship under the Tudors and Stuarts, who united the crowns of Scotland and England, before the Hanoverians combined personal rule with parliamentary government, ushering in the modern age and the royalty of today. Henry I 'Beauclerc' (r. 1100–1135)". royal.gov.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 January 2018. ; Fryde 1996, p.35. The Acts of Union 1707 were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into effect the Treaty of Union agreed on 22 July 1706. The acts joined the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland (previously separate sovereign states, with separate legislatures but with the same monarch) into the Kingdom of Great Britain. [88]