Lingva Franka (Russian Edition)

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Turkish is still in use and widely spoken in several areas formerly part of the Ottoman Empire and may be understood by older people in other parts of the Balkans. Pidgins are therefore lingua francas; creoles and arguably mixed languages may similarly be used for communication between language groups.

List of lingua francas - Wikipedia

The Assamese language serves as lingua franca among different communities in Assam, as well as in adjacent areas of Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Meghalaya. Fula is spoken in all countries directly south of the Sahara (such as Cameroon, Chad, Nigeria, Niger, Mali. Throughout the course of geographic history, exploration and trade have caused various populations of people to come into contact with each other. Other lingua francas developed during this time as well since international trade and communication was becoming an important component to nearly every area of the globe.

The rise of English in diplomacy began in 1919, after World War I, when the Treaty of Versailles was written in English as well as in French. When Dutch, English or French ships came to compete with the Portuguese, the crews tried to learn this "broken Portuguese".

Lingua Franca: Difference and Comparison Pidgin vs Lingua Franca: Difference and Comparison

The Filipino language, which is the standardised register of Tagalog, is taught in schools nationwide and is an official language of education and business along with English. It is also important to note that because pidgins develop out of sporadic contact between people and is a simplification of different languages, pidgins generally have no native speakers.Arabic remains the lingua franca for 23 countries (24 with Palestine), in the Middle East, North Africa, Horn of Africa, in addition to Chad and Eritrea. Pre-existing lingua francas are generally widespread, highly developed languages with many native speakers. According to Nard Jones, Chinook Jargon was still in use in Seattle until roughly the eve of World War II, especially among the members of the Arctic Club, making Seattle the last city where the language was widely used. citation needed] Today, Hausa is the most widely spoken language in West Africa; although its speakers are mainly concentrated in the traditional Hausa heartland, it functions as the lingua franca of Nigeria's multilingual Middle Belt, including the capital of Abuja, and is also widely spoken in understood in other countries, especially northern Ghana, both because of Hausa settlement in other areas, and the influence of Hausa media. It is quite commonly spoken among labour working populations on land and at sea throughout the Arabian Gulf countries.

Lingua franca definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary Lingua franca definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

Today the language is less influential due to its suppression and marginalization, and the adoption of French and Arabic by the political regimes of the Berber world as working languages.

Arabic script was adopted by many other languages such as Urdu, Persian, Swahili (changed to Latin in the late 19th century), Turkish (switched to Latin script in 1928), and Somali (changed to Latin in 1972). In fact, the Romantic movement with Goethe and Schiller at its top, at the end of the 18th century, served as a rediscovery of the German language for the German people that used, at this point, largely French as a lingua franca like almost all European regions, but German can be indeed still considered as a lingua franca though with far less importance than French until the 20th century or English today. Manding languages have long been used in regional commerce, so much so that the word for trader, jula, was applied to the language currently known by the same name. West African Pidgin English is used by an estimated 75 million people across coastal West Africa, mainly as a second language.