A History Of Scotland

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Bawcutt, Priscilla J.; Williams, Janet Hadley, eds. (2006). A Companion to Medieval Scottish Poetry. D.S. Brewer. p.30. ISBN 978-1-843-84096-1. OL 17210473M. Breeze, David John (2002). Smith, Beverly Ballin; Banks, Iain (eds.). The ancient geography of Scotland. Tempus. pp.11–13. ISBN 978-0-752-42517-7. OL 7982318M. {{ cite book}}: |work= ignored ( help) Main article: Scotland during the Roman Empire Roman cavalryman trampling conquered Picts, on a tablet found at Bo'ness dated to c. 142 and now in the National Museum of Scotland In World War II, despite extensive bombing by the Luftwaffe, Scottish industry came out of the depression slump by a dramatic expansion of its industrial activity, absorbing unemployed men and many women as well. The shipyards were the centre of more activity, but many smaller industries produced the machinery needed by the British bombers, tanks and warships. [291] Agriculture prospered, as did all sectors except for coal mining, which was operating mines near exhaustion. Real wages, adjusted for inflation, rose 25 per cent, and unemployment temporarily vanished. Increased income, and the more equal distribution of food, obtained through a tight rationing system, dramatically improved the health and nutrition; the average height of 13-year-olds in Glasgow increased by 2 inches (51mm). [297] End of mass emigration [ edit ] Graham, Michael F. (2000). Pettegree, Andrew (ed.). Scotland. Routledge. p.414. ISBN 0-415-16357-9. OL 15501047M. {{ cite book}}: |work= ignored ( help)

Turner, Val (1999). Ancient Shetland. Historic Scotland. B. T. Batsford. p.81. ISBN 978-0-713-48001-6. OL 9825033M. Women of the Dunes is an exciting tale that weaves together three timelines: a Norsewoman in the 9th century, a servant girl in the 19th century, and a modern-day archeologist, Libby. The story slowly ties each of these women together as Libby works on a dig on the west coast of Scotland, where her great-great-grandmother once lived.Shuggie, taking on the role of his mother’s primary caregiver, grapples with his own identity and sexuality, enduring bullying and rejection from his peers. Despite its bleakness, the novel reveals moments of resilience and love. Additionally, it won the 2020 Booker Prize. Corrag by Susan Fletcher Union of Crowns to Union of Parliaments: The Union of the Parliaments 1707". Education Scotland. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016 . Retrieved 23 November 2016. Robert, Joseph C. (1976), "The Tobacco Lords: A study of the Tobacco Merchants of Glasgow and their Activities", The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, vol.84, no.1, pp.100–102, JSTOR 4248011

See also: Politics of Scotland Scottish Parliament building, Holyrood, opened in 2004 and intended to evoke the crags of the Scottish landscape and, in places, upturned fishing boats Of the surviving pre-Roman accounts of Scotland, the first written reference to Scotland was the Greek Pytheas of Massalia, who may have circumnavigated the British Isles of Albion ( Britain) and Ierne (Ireland) [26] [27] sometime around 325BC. The most northerly point of Britain was called Orcas (Orkney). [28] [29] :10 By the time of Pliny the Elder, who died in AD79, Roman knowledge of the geography of Scotland had extended to the Hebudes ( The Hebrides), Dumna (probably the Outer Hebrides), the Caledonian Forest and the people of the Caledonii, from whom the Romans named the region north of their control Caledonia. [30] Ptolemy, possibly drawing on earlier sources of information as well as more contemporary accounts from the Agricolan invasion, identified 18 tribes in Scotland [31] in his Geography, but many of the names are obscure and the geography becomes less reliable in the north and west, suggesting early Roman knowledge of these areas was confined to observations from the sea. [32] Jonathan Israel (2011). Democratic Enlightenment: Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750–1790. Oxford U.P. p.233. ISBN 9780191620041.Main article: Scottish Reformation In 1559, John Knox returned from ministering in Geneva to lead the Calvinist reformation in Scotland. Incredibly exciting' rare pre-Ice Age handaxe discovered on Orkney". STV News. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016 . Retrieved 11 November 2016. The Story of the British Isles is Neil Oliver’s personal account of 100 unique places located on these islands. He begins with the Happisburgh footprints in Norfolk, which were the oldest known hominid footprints outside of Africa.

Forsyth, Katherine (2005). "Origins: Scotland to 1100". In Wormald, Jenny (ed.). Scotland: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199601646.

The Global History: 1603 to the Present

Devine, Tom M. (1994). The transformation of rural Scotland: social change and the agrarian economy, 1660–1815. Edinburgh University Press. After World War I the Liberal Party began to disintegrate and Labour emerged as the party of progressive politics in Scotland, gaining a solid following among working classes of the urban lowlands. As a result, the Unionists were able to gain most of the votes of the middle classes, who now feared Bolshevik revolution, setting the social and geographical electoral pattern in Scotland that would last until the late 20th century. [212] The fear of the left had been fuelled by the emergence of a radical movement led by militant trades unionists. John MacLean emerged as a key political figure in what became known as Red Clydeside, and in January 1919, the British Government, fearful of a revolutionary uprising, deployed tanks and soldiers in central Glasgow. Formerly a Liberal stronghold, the industrial districts switched to Labour by 1922, with a base in the Irish Catholic working class districts. Women were especially active in building neighbourhood solidarity on housing and rent issues. However, the "Reds" operated within the Labour Party and had little influence in Parliament; in the face of heavy unemployment the workers' mood changed to passive despair by the late 1920s. [288] Scottish educated Bonar Law led a Conservative government from 1922 to 1923 [216] and another Scot, Ramsay MacDonald, would be the Labour Party's first Prime Minister in 1924 and again from 1929 to 1935. [216]

From about 1790 textiles became the most important industry in the west of Scotland, especially the spinning and weaving of cotton, which flourished until in 1861 the American Civil War cut off the supplies of raw cotton. [219] The industry never recovered, but by that time Scotland had developed heavy industries based on its coal and iron resources. The invention of the hot blast for smelting iron (1828) revolutionised the Scottish iron industry. As a result, Scotland became a centre for engineering, shipbuilding and the production of locomotives. Toward the end of the 19th century, steel production largely replaced iron production. [220] Coal mining continued to grow into the 20th century, producing the fuel to heat homes, factories and drive steam engines locomotives and steamships. By 1914, there were 1,000,000 coal miners in Scotland. [221] The stereotype emerged early on of Scottish colliers as brutish, non-religious and socially isolated serfs; [222] that was an exaggeration, for their life style resembled the miners everywhere, with a strong emphasis on masculinity, equalitarianism, group solidarity, and support for radical labour movements. [223] After Wallace is captured by the British, Archie continues to fight against English tyranny alongside Robert Bruce. We would suggest this book to anyone who loves Scottish history and adventure novels (there are also romance undertones). Women of the Dunes by Sarah Maine Biggar Archaeology News – Early Mesolithic flint assemblage found". biggararchaeology.org.uk. Archived from the original on 10 October 2010 . Retrieved 2 October 2018.Harrison, Lawrence E. (2012). Jews, Confucians, and Protestants: Cultural Capital and the End of Multiculturalism. Rowman & Littlefield. p.92. ISBN 9781442219649.