Master Series Black Silicone Bone Gag

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Cheng H, Caterson B, Neame PJ, Lester GE, Yamauchi M (1996) Differential distribution of lumican and fibromodulin in tooth cementum. Connect Tissue Res 34: 87–96. pmid:8909873 Wang X, Ford BC, Praul CA, Leach RM Jr. (2005) Characterization of the non-collagenous proteins in avian cortical and medullary bone. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 140: 665–672. pmid:15763522 Weber IT, Harrison RW, Iozzo RV (1996) Model structure of decorin and implications for collagen fibrillogenesis. J Biol Chem 271: 31767–31770. pmid:8943211 Table 2. Quantification of hyaluronic acid extracted from archaeological human bones and teeth by probe-based sandwich ELISA assay.

Zhou HY (2007) Proteomic analysis of hydroxyapatite interaction proteins in bone. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1116: 323–326. pmid:18083934 Silva ME, Dietrich CP (1974) Isolation and partial characterization of three induced enzymes from Flavobacterium heparinum involved in the degradation of heparin and heparitin sulfates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 56: 965–972. pmid:4826471

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This interior designed dildo will keep your sub’s moans discreet and quiet. Adjust the leather strap until you sub moans from pleasure and continue to do with them as you please with this gag.

Dietrich CP, Dietrich SM (1976) Electrophoretic behaviour of acidic mucopolysaccharides in diamine buffers. Anal Biochem 70: 645–647. pmid:131498 For advanced users, there is a sea of options. From beginner to expert ones, you will have options for any play you want. Some examples of advanced ball gags are: Heparan sulfate is one of the most well-studied GAGs due to its many roles and potential use as a pharmacological target for cancer treatment. Noteworthy functions of heparan sulfate include extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and modulation of cellular growth factor signaling by acting as a bridge between receptors and ligands. In the extracellular matrix, heparan sulfate interacts with many compounds including collagen, laminin, and fibronectin to promote cell to cell and cell to extracellular matrix adhesion. In the setting of malignancy such as melanoma, degradation of heparan sulfate in the extracellular matrix by the action of the enzyme heparanase leads to migration of malignant cells and metastasis. This mechanism makes heparanase and heparan sulfate viable pharmacological targets for the prevention of cancer metastasis. [1] Sroga GE, Vashishth D (2012) Effects of bone matrix proteins on fracture and fragility in osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 10: 141–150. pmid:22535528

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Embery G, Hall R, Waddington R, Septier D, Goldberg M (2001) Proteoglycans in dentinogenesis. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 12: 331–349. pmid:11603505 Heparan sulfate also plays a key role in cellular growth factor signaling. One example of this role involves the interaction of heparan sulfate with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). Heparan sulfate facilitates the formation of FGF-FGFR complexes, resulting in a signaling cascade that leads to cellular proliferation. The degree of sulfation of heparan sulfate influences the formation of these complexes. For example, the proliferation of melanoma cells gets stimulated by the action of highly sulfated heparan sulfate on FGF. [1] GAGs (60 μg) extracted from archaeological human bone samples were subjected to β-elimination to ensure that the GAGs (other than N-linked KS chains) had been released from the protein core. Briefly, the GAG pellet was suspended in 200 μL sodium borohydride (0.0378 g Na(BH 4) in 1 mL NaOH 0.1 M) and kept overnight at room temperature. The solution was then neutralized using 10% acetic acid (approximately 110 μL). A volume of 500 μL of MilliQ water was added and the solution transferred to 1 kDa dialysis tubes (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences Corp., NJ, USA), and dialyzed at room temperature for 4 hours in distilled water. The solution was then lyophilized. The GAG pellet was suspended in 60 μL MilliQ water and the sample divided in three, boiled for 15 min to inactivate any residual maxatase, and lyophilized. The first sample was suspended in 2.5 μL heparin lyase II (1 U/mL, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) and 7.5 μL ethylenediamine acetate buffer 0.05 M (pH 7.0), the second sample in 20 μL Flavobacterium heparinum extract and the third sample in 20 μL MilliQ water. The samples were incubated overnight at 30°C, lyophilized, suspended in 5 μL MilliQ water, and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis as described above. The crude extract of Flavobacterium heparinum grown in the presence of heparin degrades heparin and HS [ 35]. Heparitinases I and II, and a heparin lyase have been identified in the crude extract of Flavobacterium heparinum [ 36, 37]. The crude extract of Flavobacterium heparinum also degrades HA, C4S and C6S [ 38]. In addition, the crude extract of Flavobacterium heparinum grown in the presence of CS degrades DS [ 39, 40]. For beginners, I would recommend the more basic stuff with smaller diameter balls and silicone or rubber ones. Boskey AL, Spevak L, Doty SB, Rosenberg L (1997) Effects of bone CS-proteoglycans, DS-decorin, and DS-biglycan on hydroxyapatite formation in a gelatin gel. Calcif Tissue Int 61: 298–305. pmid:9312200

The quantities of CS and HA extracted did not appear to be dependent on the type of bone or whether it was a juvenile, adolescent or adult bone, but most likely on how degraded the bone was, although the only bone samples that stood out as being more degraded than the others were sample ID nos. 16 and 25 (adult radius and adult ulna, respectively), which crumbled when sliced using the microtome, but this could be due to other reasons such as disease. Interestingly, these were the two bone samples for which an unidentified electrophoretic band was observed.Using a ball gag, lip gag or even a ring gag is pretty safe all things considered. There is not much harm they can do, but for beginners, there are still some things I would like to point out. As previously mentioned, GAGs play an essential role in many physiological processes present throughout the body. The clinical significance of each class of GAG will be summarized below. Note that the information provided is concise and is not intended to represent all physiological processes that involve GAGs.