Real Rape, Real Pain: Help for women sexually assaulted by male partners

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The humanitarian news organization IRIN claims that an estimated "500,000 rapes are committed annually in South Africa [136] once called 'the world's rape capital.' [137] The country has some of the highest incidences of child sexual abuse in the world with more than 67,000 cases of rape and sexual assaults against children reported in 2000, with welfare groups believing that unreported incidents could be up to 10 times higher. [86] Current data suggest that the incidence of rape has risen significantly in India. [138] Transitions in women's roles in society were also shifting, causing alarm and blame towards rape victims. Because women were becoming more involved in the public (i.e. searching for jobs rather than being a housewife), some people claimed that these women were "loose" and looking for trouble. Giving up the gender roles of mother and wife was seen as defiant against traditional values while immersing themselves within society created the excuse that women would "not [be] entitled to protection under the traditional guidelines for male-female relationships". [183] Sexual aggression is often considered a masculine identity characteristic of manhood in some male groups and is significantly correlated to the desire to be held higher in esteem among male peers. [56] Sexually aggressive behavior among young men has been correlated with gang or group membership as well as having other delinquent peers. [57] [58]

Carline, Anna; Easteal, Patricia (2014). Shades of Grey – Domestic and Sexual Violence Against Women: Law Reform and Society. Routledge. p.209. ISBN 978-1317815242 . Retrieved 30 January 2017. a b Winnie Tomm (2010). Bodied Mindfulness: Women's Spirits, Bodies and Places. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. p.140. ISBN 978-1554588022 . Retrieved 28 January 2017.Charging perverting the course of justice and wasting police time in cases involving allegedly false rape and domestic violence allegations" Archived from: http://www.cps.gov.uk/publications/research/perverting_course_of_justice_march_2013.pdf Statistics about sexual violence" (PDF). National Sexual Violence Resource Center. 2015 . Retrieved January 8, 2018. Using the victims of real life rapes and their accounts, Leicestershire Police have produced a hard-hitting short film to encourage people to come forward sooner.

Guidelines for the prevention and management of vicarious trauma among researchers of sexual and intimate partner violence" (PDF). Sexual Violence Research Initiative. 2015. In contrast to the modern understanding of the subject, Romans drew clear distinctions between "active" (penetrative) and "passive" (receptive) partners, and all these charges implied penetration by the assailant (which necessarily ruled out the possibility of female-on-male or female-on-female rape.) It is not clear which (if any) of these charges applied to assaults upon an adult male, though such an assault upon a citizen was definitely seen as a grave insult (within Roman culture, an adult male citizen could not possibly consent to the receptive role in sexual intercourse without a severe loss of status.) The law known as Lex Scantinia covered at least some forms of male-on-male stuprum, and Quintillian mentions a fine of 10,000 sesterces – about 10 years' worth of a Roman legionnaire's pay – as a normal penalty for stuprum upon an ingenuus. However, its text is lost and its exact provisions are no longer known. [178] FBI reports consistently put the number of "unfounded" rape accusations around 8%. The unfounded rate is higher for forcible rape than for any other Index crime. The average rate of unfounded reports for Index crimes is 2%. [159] "Unfounded" is not synonymous with a false allegation. [160] Bruce Gross of the Forensic Examiner described it as meaningless, saying a report could be marked as unfounded if there is no physical evidence or the alleged victim did not sustain any physical injuries. Case Closed: Rape and Human Rights in Nordic countries" (PDF). Amnesty International. 8 March 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-20.Savage, Charlie (14 April 2018). "Federal Crime Statistics to Expand Rape Definition". The New York Times– via NYTimes.com. a b Harter, Pascale (2011-06-14). "BBC News – Libya rape victims 'face honour killings' ". BBC News . Retrieved 2013-02-03.

Jenkins C. Sexual behavior in Papua New Guinea. In: Report of the Third Annual Meeting of the International Network on Violence Against Women, January 1998. Washington, DC, International Network on Violence Against Women, 1998. Gang rape is often perceived by male perpetrators as a justified method of discouraging or punishing what they consider as immoral behavior among women – for example, wearing short skirts or visiting bars. In some areas in Papua New Guinea, women can be punished by public gang rape, usually through permission by elders. [59] [ needs update] The Medieval Blood Sanction and the Divine Beneficene of Pain: 1100–1450", Trisha Olson, Journal of Law and Religion, 22 JLREL 63 (2006)

Rapes happened in territories occupied by the Red Army. A female Soviet war correspondent described what she had witnessed: "The Russian soldiers were raping every German female from eight to eighty. It was an army of rapists." [207] According to German historian Miriam Gebhardt, as many as 190,000 women were raped by U.S. soldiers in Germany. [208] One of the other victims was raped by her friend’s partner, who was convicted and jailed for eight years. Frequently, victims may not recognize what happened to them was rape. Some may remain in denial for years afterwards. [70] [71] Confusion over whether or not their experience constitutes rape is typical, especially for victims of psychologically coerced rape. Women may not identify their victimization as rape for many reasons such as feelings of shame, embarrassment, non-uniform legal definitions, reluctance to define the friend/partner as a rapist, or because they have internalized victim-blaming attitudes. [71] The public often perceives these behaviors as 'counterintuitive' and, therefore, as evidence of a dishonest woman. [70]

Testing at the time of the initial exam does not typically have forensic value if patients are sexually active and have an STI since it could have been acquired before the assault. Rape shield laws protect the person who was raped and who has positive test results. These laws prevent having such evidence used against someone who was raped. Someone who was raped may be concerned that a prior infection may suggest sexual promiscuity. There may, however, be situations in which testing has a legal purpose, as in cases where the threat of transmission or actual transmission of an STI was part of the crime. In nonsexually active patients, an initial, baseline negative test that is followed by a subsequent STI could be used as evidence, if the perpetrator also had an STI. [112] Men experience similar psychological effects of being raped, but they are less likely to seek counseling. [75] Currently, the perpetrators of the incident are detained, they, as minors, face up to 6 years in prison for this crime. a b "Rape victim threatened to withdraw case in UP". Zeenews.india.com. 2011-03-19 . Retrieved 2013-02-03.I thought the films were very powerful and were almost a fresh way of looking at some of the issues,’ he said.